Dipper
(Cinclus cinclus)
C. cinclus is a bird of
fast-flowing rivers and streams in mountainous and hilly regions. Typical
habitat contains numerous rocks and boulders but
the mainstay of foraging habitat is shallow water with a gravel bottom and aquatic
or bankside vegetation. Territories, which are established along suitable
rivers, are maintained against incursion by other pairs. Territories must
contain a good nesting site and suitable roosting locations. The main factor
affecting the extent of the territory is the availability of sufficient food to
feed the adults and their offspring. Their nests are usually large, round, domed
structures made of moss, with an internal cup of grass and small roots, and a
side entrance hole. They are frequently built in confined spaces over, or close
to, running water. The site may be on a ledge or bank, in a crevice or
drainpipe, or beneath a bridge, both parents being involved in nest
construction. Mosses and other suitable materials are collected and wetted, as illustrated above, before
being used in nest assembly; on drying the materials contract giving a compact
construction.
Feeding predominantly whilst submerged and
walking on the streambed, large aquatic invertebrates, especially the larvae of
caddis flies, provide the primary food source. Small fish, crustaceans and
molluscs are also taken. Its main feeding technique under water is to move
stones and pebbles and feed on items exposed underneath. Smaller items are
swallowed under water whilst others, such as fish and caddis fly larvae, are
brought to the surface. The
above images are from a recent audience …
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